Framing and Preference Reversal

Thinking, Fast and Slow

This flow traces how equivalent descriptions produce different choices because people evaluate framed meanings rather than abstract outcomes.

increasing

Bearing strength in each event

decreasing

Asian Disease Gains Asian Disease Gains from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Lives Saved Safe Program People prefer saving 200 lives for certain. Risk Aversion The positive frame makes the sure outcome emotionally attractive.

Asian Disease Gains from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Lives Saved Safe Program People prefer saving 200 lives for certain. Risk Aversion The positive frame makes the sure outcome emotionally attractive.

Lives Saved Safe Program People prefer saving 200 lives for certain. Risk Aversion The positive frame makes the sure outcome emotionally attractive.

Asian Disease Losses Asian Disease Losses from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Lives Lost Same Outcomes The alternatives are mathematically identical to the first version. Risk Seeking When framed as deaths, people choose the gamble.

Asian Disease Losses from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Lives Lost Same Outcomes The alternatives are mathematically identical to the first version. Risk Seeking When framed as deaths, people choose the gamble.

Lives Lost Same Outcomes The alternatives are mathematically identical to the first version. Risk Seeking When framed as deaths, people choose the gamble.

Survival and Mortality Survival and Mortality from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Medical Wording Positive Frame Physicians favor surgery when hearing a 90% survival rate.

Survival and Mortality from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". Medical Wording Positive Frame Physicians favor surgery when hearing a 90% survival rate.

Medical Wording Positive Frame Physicians favor surgery when hearing a 90% survival rate. Negative Frame The same treatment loses support when described as 10% mortality.

Costs and Losses Costs and Losses from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". A Different Account Lottery Ticket A $5 payment feels acceptable when framed as the cost of participation.

Costs and Losses from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". A Different Account Lottery Ticket A $5 payment feels acceptable when framed as the cost of participation.

A Different Account Lottery Ticket A $5 payment feels acceptable when framed as the cost of participation. Gamble Loss The same outcome feels worse when framed as an uncompensated loss.

Frames Without Reality Frames Without Reality from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". No Hidden Preference Emotional Construction There may be no stable preference beneath the alternative frames.

Frames Without Reality from "Thinking, Fast and Slow". No Hidden Preference Emotional Construction There may be no stable preference beneath the alternative frames.

No Hidden Preference Emotional Construction There may be no stable preference beneath the alternative frames. Reflective Remedy Comparing formulations helps expose arbitrary influences.

During the framing chapter

Immediately after the gains version

Later in the framing chapter

Near the end of the framing discussion

Near the conclusion of Part 4